In December 2002, the Supreme Election Board canceled the general election results from Siirt due to voting irregularities and scheduled a new election for 9 February 2003. I sin ungdom spelade Erdoğan semi-professionell fotboll för en lokal klubb. The AKP won a landslide victory in the parliament, taking nearly two-thirds of the seats. [14] Efter att ha blivit fälld var Erdoğan tvungen att lämna posten som borgmästare. His candidacy was announced by the Deputy President of the AKP, Mehmet Ali Şahin. Demonstranter i Istanbul i lördags. [18], Under hans andra och tredje mandatperiod, trots den första mandatperioden gav hans regering upp den demokratiseringsprocess[19] som stöddes av Europeiska unionen och blev alltmer auktoritär mot press,[20][21][22] kurder[23][24][25] och tidigare politiska dominerande makter i Ankara. [86] In 2013 the government of Erdoğan began a peace process between the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) and the Turkish Government,[87] mediated by parliamentarians of the Peoples' Democratic party (HDP). He said in a comment that "Turkey's accession shows that Europe is a continent where civilisations reconcile and not clash. The term Erdoğanism first emerged shortly after Erdoğan's 2011 general election victory, where it was predominantly described as the AKP's liberal economic and conservative democratic ideals fused with Erdoğan demagoguery and cult of personality. I propositionen föreskrivs även en gradvis höjning av pensionsåldern. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan said he was trying to "cultivate a favorable relationship with whatever government would take the place of Assad". The HSYK said Erdoğan wanted to fill the vacant posts with his own appointees. Excuse me, but they have said even uglier things. The Turkish military has had a record of intervening in politics, having removed elected governments four times in the past. TT Text. [313] After the U.S. pullout, Turkey proceeded to attack the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria. Cumhuriyet journalists were detained in November 2016 after a long-standing crackdown on the newspaper. Många fruktade att han skulle införa islamiska lagar, men Erdoğan kom att bli en pragmatisk politiker som borgmästare och har blivit känd för att ha tagit itu med kroniska problem i Istanbul som vattenbrist, föroreningar och trafikkaos. Dikten var från ett verk skrivet av Ziya Gökalp, en pan-turkisk aktivist från början av 1900-talet. [94], Nyligen uttalade han sig om att Turkiet "inte behöver israeliska turister" och att "vi inte sörjer deras frånvaro". [4][5][6] Arenan för den lokala fotbollsklubben i distriktet han växte upp i, Kasimpasa SK är uppkallad efter honom. Erdoğan hävdade att konstitutionen gav honom rätt att tilldela partimedlemmarna dessa tjänster.[47]. [296] Turkey lost its bid for a Security Council seat in the United Nations during the 2014 election;[297] the unexpected result[298] is believed to have been a reaction to Erdoğan's hostile treatment of the Kurds fighting ISIS on the Syrian border[299][300] and a rebuke of his willingness to support IS-aligned insurgents opposed to Syrian president Bashar al-Assad. [78] The party escaped a ban on 30 July 2008, a year after winning 46.7% of the vote in national elections, although judges did cut the party's public funding by 50%. Hittades i bokenBara någon timme tidigare har Uefa-presidenten Lennart Johansson kommit gående precis ... De turkiska fansen eggar varandra och skriker ”Istanbul, Istanbul, ... Det som nu sker beskrivs av kritiker som ett hot mot yttrandefriheten och början på en strid om vilka röster som ska få höras i offentligheten. Relations between Greece and Turkey were normalized during Erdoğan's tenure as prime minister. Den turkiska historikern Cezmi Yurtsever hävdar att Erdoğan härstammar från släkten Bagatlı Recep, en stor muslimsk-turkisk släkt som bosatte sig runt Trabzon efter Mehmet II:s erövring av staden. I think that where there's the most promise of building stronger U.S.-Turkish relations is in the recognition that Turkey and the United States can build a model partnership in which a predominantly Christian nation, a predominantly Muslim nation – a Western nation and a nation that straddles two continents," he continued, "that we can create a modern international community that is respectful, that is secure, that is prosperous, that there are not tensions – inevitable tensions between cultures – which I think is extraordinarily important. [39], År 2002 ärvde Erdoğan en turkisk ekonomi i djup recession på grund av den finansiella krisen som tilltagit under koalitionsregeringen under ledning av premiärminister Bülent Ecevit. Den 1 juli 2014 nominerade AKP honom till sin kandidat i presidentvalet den 10 augusti 2014, varvid han med omkring 52 % av rösterna valdes till Turkiets förste direkt folkvalde president, med tillträde till ämbetet 28 augusti 2014. En internationell jury bestående av sju medlemsländer från FN fann enhälligt att Erdoğan förtjänade en UN-HABITAT-utmärkelse. [10][11] Erdoğan subsequently abandoned openly Islamist politics, establishing the moderate conservative AKP in 2001, which he went on to lead to a landslide victory in 2002. Det är mycket bra att USA:s president Joe Biden nu följer upp beslutet från 2018 av Kongressens Representanthus och erkänner på den amerikanska nationens vägnar de massmord och den förföljelse som genomfördes omkring 1885-1925, det så kallade Seyfo (svärdet), i det sönderfallande . [249] Without the checks and balances of freedom of speech, and the freedom of the Turkish legislature to hold him accountable for his actions, many have likened Turkey's current form of government to a dictatorship with only nominal forms of democracy in practice. 15.28. [1], Erdoğan föddes i Kasımpaşa, en fattig stadsdel i centrala Istanbul. Arkivbild. "[16], Under 2009 lanserade den turkiska regeringen under premiärminister Erdoğan en plan för att få ett slut på den kvarts sekel långa kurdkonflikten som kostat mer än 40 000 liv. The latter envisioned a party that could operate within the limits of the system, and thus not getting banned as its predecessors like National Order Party, National Salvation Party and Welfare Party. Guns and violence will become the sole alternative for legally expressing free thought". [371], As President, Erdoğan has overseen a revival of Ottoman tradition,[372][373] greeting Palestinian president Mahmoud Abbas with an Ottoman-style ceremony in the new presidential palace, with guards dressed in costumes representing founders of 16 Great Turkish Empires in history. [7] Paret har två söner (Ahmet Burak, Necmeddin Bilal) som har arresteringsorder av Italien och två döttrar (Esra, Sümey).[7]. The AK party emphatically placed itself as a broad democratic conservative party with new politicians from the political center (like Ali Babacan and Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu), while respecting Islamic norms and values, but without an explicit religious program. Hittades i bokenJORDBÄVNINGSKATASTROF I TURKIET. KÄND SKÅDESPELARE UTNYTTJADE MINDERÅRIGA. STOR SEXSKANDAL. PRESIDENT NIXON MER IMPOPULÄR ÄN NÅGONSIN. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan [ˈrɛdʒɛp ˈtɑːjip ˈɛrdɔːɑn], född 26 februari 1954 i Kasımpaşa i Istanbul, är Turkiets president sedan den 28 augusti 2014.Han var tidigare Turkiets premiärminister från den 14 mars 2003 fram till dess att han tillträdde som president. During the drought of 2011, Erdoğan's government contributed over $201 million to humanitarian relief efforts in the impacted parts of Somalia. The median age of accession is 63 years and 2 months, which is how old Kenan Evren was when he assumed the presidency. Senaste inlägg Äldre inlägg Startsida. . Researching Women`s Rights and Political Empowerment, Feminist Activism, and (De-) democratic Transitions. [405] When Gülen publicly withdrew support and openly attacked Erdoğan in late 2013, several imprisoned military officers and journalists were released, with the government admitting that the judicial proceedings were unfair. [133][134], Erdoğan increased the budget of the Ministry of Education from 7.5 billion lira in 2002 to 34 billion lira in 2011, the highest share of the national budget given to one ministry. Advertisement. Hittades i bokenJonas var där för att ta upp frågan om utvecklingen i Turkiet, ett land som med dramatisk hastighet blivit allt mer odemokratiskt, men det var inte ett ämne ... Several family members of Erdoğan's ministers who had been arrested as a result of the 2013 corruption scandal were released, and a judicial order to question Erdoğan's son Bilal Erdoğan was annulled. [51] One quarter of the curriculum of İmam Hatip schools involves study of the Qurʼān, the life of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and the Arabic language. [272], In March 2018, President Erdoğan criticized the Kosovan Prime Minister Ramush Haradinaj for dismissing his Interior Minister and Intelligence Chief for failing to inform him of an unauthorized and illegal secret operation conducted by the National Intelligence Organization of Turkey on Kosovo's territory that led to the arrest of six people allegedly associated with the Gülen movement. The alliance which Erdoğan was candidate for won 52.59% of the popular vote. [144] For the first time in Turkish history, high speed railway lines were constructed, and the country's high-speed train service began in 2009. [374] While serving as the Prime Minister of Turkey, Erdoğan's AKP made references to the Ottoman era during election campaigns, such as calling their supporters 'grandsons of Ottomans' (Osmanlı torunu). [312], In October 2019, after Erdoğan spoke to him, U.S. President Donald Trump gave the go-ahead to the 2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria, despite recently agreeing to a Northern Syria Buffer Zone. This amount reached $92.2 billion in 2011. This blocking action took place after the government had first made a request for Wikipedia to remove what it referred to as "offensive content". Regions list; Countries list. [287], Erdoğan condemned the Israel–UAE peace agreement, stating that Turkey was considering suspending or cutting off diplomatic relations with the United Arab Emirates in retaliation. [41] From his father's first marriage to Havuli Erdoğan (d. 1980), he had two half-brothers: Mehmet (1926–1988) and Hasan (1929–2006).[58]. Turkiets president Erdogan hotar USA med uppsägning av bilaterala avtal efter att amerikansk domstol dömt hög chef i halvstatliga turkiska banken Halkbank för att ha gjort affärer i strid med amerikanska sanktioner mot Iran, vittne pekade ut Erdogan som den som gav order om affärerna, Det islamistiska turkiska regeringspartiet AKP hade i hemlighet haft en konferens för över 1.500 turkiska . Hittades i boken – Sida 154... gripandet av den svensk-turkiske journalisten Hamza Yalcin (se del 2) och Kinas allt närmare relation till Turkiet, vars president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan ... "[186], During Erdoğan's term of office, diplomatic relations between Turkey and Syria significantly deteriorated. When asked by a student at a literature contest ceremony if Armenians will be able to get back their "western territories" along with Mt. Gül became the Prime Minister instead. President Erdoğan expressed his condolences. He was later stripped of his position, banned from political office, and imprisoned for four months for inciting religious hatred, due to his recitation of a poem by Ziya Gökalp. Detta var det första presidentbesöket i den turkisk-ryska historian, bortsett från ordföranden i presidiet, Nikolaj Podgornyj år 1972. [19][20][21] Following a souring in relations with Gülen, Erdoğan proceeded to purge his supporters from judicial, bureaucratic and military positions. Han fick 25,19 % av rösterna i valet. [129] Erdoğan inherited a debt of $23.5 billion to the IMF, which was reduced to $0.9 billion in 2012. Efter militärkuppen 1980 anslöt sig Erdoğan, liksom de flesta av Erbakans anhängare till Välfärdspartiet. [42] In his youth, Erdoğan played semi-professional football at a local club. Two measures of longevity are given; this is to allow for the differing number of leap days occurring within the life of each President. The reform package was first vetoed by president Sezer. Turkiets president Recep Tayyip Erdogan uppges ha ledsnat på sin centralbankschef. [152] The reform program aimed at increasing the ratio of private to state-run healthcare, which, along with long queues in state-run hospitals, resulted in the rise of private medical care in Turkey, forcing state-run hospitals to compete by increasing quality. [131] The Turkish public debt as a percentage of annual GDP declined from 74% in 2002 to 39% in 2009. [425], In May 2016, former Miss Turkey model Merve Büyüksaraç was sentenced to more than a year in prison for allegedly insulting the president. Since then, Turkish inflation has continued to fluctuate around 9% and is still one of the highest inflation rates in the world. View Sofia Gjertsson's profile on LinkedIn, the world's largest professional community. [157] Erdoğan was named "The European of the Year 2004" by the newspaper European Voice for the reforms in his country in order to accomplish the accession of Turkey to the European Union. [164], Erdoğan has said that Armenian President Serzh Sargsyan should apologize for calling on school children to re-occupy eastern Turkey. Microsoft Ignite | Microsoft's annual gathering of technology leaders and practitioners delivered as a digital event experience this November. Vattenbristen löstes genom skapandet av hundratals kilometer nya rörledningar. [183] The Israeli and Egyptian governments dismissed the suggestion. Under the second bill, everyone under the age of 18 years was entitled to free health services, irrespective of whether they pay premiums to any social security organization. Maybe you are feeling guilty and that is why you are raising your voice. Shortly sub 112 d-lite top 10 most visited cities in europe 2012 3d bottle cake dmc cm logos n brands ricardo guibourg biografia roaming gourmet catering monash seas application ktz shoes sale ite simei parking president election day 2012 nd2o3 magnetic properties gregory e. And ginn. [71], President Dmitrij Medvedev har beskrivit Turkiet som "en av våra viktigaste samarbetspartners när det gäller regionala och internationella frågor... Vi kan tryggt säga att rysk-turkiska relationerna har avancerat till nivån för ett flerdimensionellt strategiskt partnerskap. Hittades i bokenFolkhemmet började byggas. Intresset för att utvandra minskade. Den nya tiden innebar också slutet på den svenska massemigrationen. Den 29 oktober 1923 utropades republiken Turkiet med Kemal Atatürk som president. . Jag tror att det är det mest lovade att bygga starkare USA-turkiska relationer och att insikten i att Turkiet och USA kan bygga upp en modell av partnerskap där en övervägande kristen nation, en övervägande muslimsk nation - en västerländsk nation och en nation som sträcker sig över två kontinenter", fortsatte han, "att vi kan skapa en modern internationell gemenskap som är respektfull, som är säker, det vill säga välmående, att det inte finns spänningar - oundvikliga spänningar mellan olika kulturer - vilket jag tycker är utomordentligt viktigt".[88]. 25:10. "100 Million Doses Is A Joint Success". [273][274], On 26 November 2019, an earthquake struck the Durrës region of Albania. Han var tidigare Turkiets premiärminister från den 14 mars 2003 fram till dess att han tillträdde som president. På samma forum tillåts Irans Ayatollah och Turkiets president sprida propaganda utan reaktion från techjätten. ", "Erdogan's IMF Aversion, Budget Raise Business Qualms", "Turkey's flirting with IMF comes to an end", "Enflasyon 2009'u 39 yılın 'dibinde' bitirdi", "Erdogan Proving Right as Debt Ratings Go Unheeded: Turkey Credit", "Turkey Continues Its Reform of Labor And Employment Laws Despite Waning Enthusiasm For EU Membership", "Compulsory education to be increased to 12 years in Turkey", "Haydi Kızlar Okula! . The bill also envisages a gradual increase in the retirement age: starting from 2036, the retirement age will increase to 65 by 2048 for both women and men. Philippines election: Who will succeed President Rodrigo Duterte? [140], The Prime Minister kept his campaign promises by starting the Fatih project in which all state schools, from preschool to high school level, received a total of 620,000 smart boards, while tablet computers were distributed to 17 million students and approximately one million teachers and administrators. [197] Following a greatly improved security situation in Mogadishu in mid-2011, the Turkish government also re-opened its foreign embassy with the intention of more effectively assisting in the post-conflict development process. The government claimed that the coup leaders were linked to Gülen, but he has denied any role in it. [166] The relations during this time are described by President Medvedev as "Turkey is one of our most important partners with respect to regional and international issues. [84] Erdoğan said, "We took a courageous step to resolve chronic issues that constitute an obstacle along Turkey's development, progression and empowerment". [187] However, in 2011 the relationship between the two countries was strained following the outbreak of conflict in Syria. [64] Israels president Shimon Peres talade inför den turkiska nationalförsamlingen under ett besök år 2007 och markerade en ny epok då Peres blev den första israeliska ledaren att tala inför en lagstiftande församling i en övervägande muslimsk nation. I januari 2008 antog den turkiska nationalförsamlingen en lag om ett totalförbud mot rökning på de flesta offentliga platser. "[158] On 3 October 2005, the negotiations for Turkey's accession to the EU formally started during Erdoğan's tenure as Prime Minister.[157]. [355] In a foreign policy shift Erdoğan ordered the Turkish Armed Forces into battle in Syria and has liberated towns from IS control. [112][113][114][115] Demands by activists for the recognition of LGBT rights were publicly rejected by government members,[116] and members of the Turkish LGBT community were insulted by cabinet members. 1, 2003", "Towards a new era in ties with Northern Iraq", "INSIGHT: Iraq's Tensions Heightened by Syria Conflict", "Turkish Leader Visits Israel, Restoring Friendly Ties", "WEF 2009 Turkish leader storms out of debate with Israeli PM", "Turkish PM storms out of Davos' Gaza session, slams moderator", "Turkish PM: Israel is the main threat to Mideast peace", "Erdogan calls Zionism a 'crime against humanity, "Erdogan says comments on Zionism 'misunderstood, "Turkish PM says Zionism comments misinterpreted", "Kerry Comes to Turkey With Rebuke of Its Leader Over Zionism Remark", "Zionismus ist Verbrechen: Außenamt rügt Erdogan", "Israel behind coup to oust Morsi, Turkish PM Erdoğan says", "Turkey has evidence that Israel was behind Egypt coup: Erdoğan", "Erdogan accuses Israel of 'using terrorism' in its operations against Hamas in Gaza", "Turkey's Erdogan says Israel should face trial over Gaza assault", "Türkiye, Suriye ile İsrail arasında kolaylaştırıcı rol üstlenebilir", "Syria and Turkey: A Complex Relationship", "Turks Concerned with Erdogan's Syria Policy", "Senior MP Raps Erdogan's Policies on Syria", "Turkey, Saudi Arabia increase cooperation", "Asia Times Online :: Middle East News, Iraq, Iran current affairs", "Turkish prime minister arrives for visit to Egypt as role widens", "Egypt and Turkey, an Axis against Democracy? A Tunisian Family: High hopes, desperate lives Apstjärnan, Jag, Dante och miljonerna och Jagger, Jagger är en svit fristående böcker med utanförskap som gemensamt tema. Hennes författarskap präglas av språklig lekfullhet och genreflexibilitet. 1985). Hittades i boken – Sida 264Ryssland kommer på 148:e plats, Turkiet på 155:e plats och Egypten på 161:a plats ... I Israel fanns en före detta president (Katsav) och en premiärminister ... 2021-10-05; Det finns mer att kolgasgas än Gasland. Arkivbild. Erdoğan was awarded for his systematic effort to clear barriers on the way to economic growth, striving to build democracy and free market relations. Armenia is Turkey's only neighbor which Erdoğan has not visited during his premiership. Financial Stability Report - May 2021 (Overview) is published on 28 May 2021. When visiting the city in 2011, Erdoğan deemed the statue a "freak", and months later it was demolished. A Tunisian Family: High hopes, desperate lives [33][34] Soon after the elections, Supreme Electoral Council of Turkey ordered a re-election in Istanbul, cancelling Ekrem İmamoğlu's mayoral certificate. "Facebook, Twitter and Whatsapp blocked in Turkey after arrest of opposition leaders", "CHP deputy Tanrıkulu slams internet cuts in eastern, southeastern Turkey", "Turkey-Armenia friendship symbol being demolished", "LGBT Initiative from Prime Minister Erdoğan! [206] The political opposition has argued that Erdoğan will continue to pursue his own political agenda, controlling the government, while his new Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu would be docile and submissive. [181][182] In August 2013, the Hürriyet reported that Erdoğan had claimed to have evidence of Israel's responsibility for the removal of Morsi from office in Egypt. Then he applied to the Turkish constitutional court about the reform package, because the president is unable to veto amendments for the second time. Turkiets president Recep Tayyip Erdogan. Efter positiva tidiga tecken stannade Turkiets EU-anslutningsprocess i 2006 när ett tilläggsprotokoll avseende delningen av Cypern genomfördes till öppnandet av Turkiets hamnar och flygplatser för handel med Cypern. Sofia has 9 jobs listed on their profile. Erdoğan said the poem had been approved by the education ministry to be published in textbooks. [194], Erdoğan stated in a 2011 interview that he supported secularism for Egypt, which generated an angry reaction among Islamic movements, especially the Freedom and Justice Party, which was the political wing of the Muslim Brotherhood. US President Barack Obama called for a "full, frank and just acknowledgement of the facts", but again stopped short of labelling it "genocide", despite his campaign promise to do so. Where the president in question is still living, the longevity is calculated up to 23 July 2021. International organisations perceived the law to be a danger to the separation of powers. ", "Erdogan's ambition weighs on hopes for new Turkish constitution", "Rising competitive authoritarianism in Turkey", "Turkey takes a big step toward nationalist fascism", "Yeni yolsuzluk dosyasının ekonomik boyutu 100 milyar dolar", "Yolsuzluk operasyonunun maliyeti 100 milyar Euro", "Turkey's failed coup attempt: All you need to know", "Italy's Draghi accuses 'dictator' Erdogan, draws Turkey's condemnation", "Democratic decay and uncertainty in Turkey", "The West Hoped for Democracy in Turkey. Hittades i bokenAbel hade besökt Turkiet åtskilliga gånger under de senaste fem åren för att ... Medan Abel packade upp resväskan i ännu en presidentsvit fann han femton ... [31][32] Hundratals universitetsstudenter fängslades och anklagades för att vara terrorister efter att de burit banderoller med texten "Vi kräver gratis utbildning! He previously served as Prime Minister of Turkey from 2003 to 2014 and as Mayor of Istanbul from 1994 to 1998. Det kommer inte att ha någon annan nytta än att väcka problem och störa vår fred. I november 2005 deltog Putin vid invigningen av den gemensamt byggda naturgasledningen "Blue Stream" i Turkiet. ", Kirişci, Kemal, and Amanda Sloat. Erdoğan kunde dock inte tillträda som premiärminister direkt eftersom han fortfarande var förbjuden att delta i parlamentariska val på grund av sitt tal i Siirt, och Abdullah Gül blev därmed premiärministern i stället. [199], 2013 Gezi Park protests against the perceived authoritarianism of Erdoğan and his policies, starting from a small sit-in in Istanbul in defense of a city park. Turkiska börsen ökade med mer än 7 % på måndagsmorgonen. Ännu en i raden av centralbankschefer i Turkiet kan vara på väg bort. Turkiets president--. 25 October 2011: Palestinian International Award for Excellence and Creativity (PIA) 2011 for his support to the Palestinian people and cause. The Turkish government attempted to mend relations with Iraqi Kurdistan by opening a Turkish university in Erbil, and a Turkish consulate in Mosul. Hittades i bokenErnest Thiel var vid förra sekelskiftet Sveriges rikaste man. The second party, the Republican People's Party (CHP), received 135 seats (25.94%), the nationalist MHP received 53 seats (13.01%), and the Independents received 35 seats (6.58%).[80]. "[72], Den 12 maj 2010 undertecknade Ankara och Moskva 17 avtal för att förbättra samarbetet inom energi och andra områden, inklusive en pakt för att bygga Turkiets första kärnkraftverk och för att främja planer för en oljeledning från Svarta havet till Medelhavet. The second largest party, the CHP, received 19.4% of the votes. Turkiets president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan lade redan för flera år sedan beslag på all den makt som de konstitutionella förändringarna skulle ge honom. [230], President Erdoğan and his government continue to press for court action against the remaining free press in Turkey. Main upward pressure came from food and non-alcoholic beverages (28.79 percent vs 29.0 percent in July . [67] He had appealed for the sentence to be converted to a monetary fine, but it was reduced to 120 days instead. Hittades i boken... »Putin installerad som president«, »Amerikansk imperialism fördöms« och »Flera tusen protesterar mot USA i ... Vi sitter med varsin kopp turkiskt kaffe. [178] He later retracted the statement, saying he had been misinterpreted. [325][326], Trump's former national security adviser John Bolton claimed that President Donald Trump told Erdoğan he would 'take care' of investigation against Turkey's state-owned bank Halkbank accused of bank fraud charges and laundering up to $20 billion on behalf of Iranian entities. He sold bottles of water to drivers stuck in traffic. Arkivbild. [56] His father, Ahmet Erdoğan, died in 1988 and his mother, Tenzile Erdoğan, died in 2011 at the age of 88. Foto: Vladimir Smirnov/AP/TT Ekonomi Ekonomi. Tülay Tugcu, chef för författningsdomstolen fördömde Erdoğan för "hot, förolämpningar och fientlighet" mot rättsväsendet. 7 oktober 2021 07:24. The government's plan, supported by the European Union, intended to allow the Kurdish language to be used in all broadcast media and political campaigns, and restored Kurdish names to cities and towns that had been given Turkish ones. Turkiets president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan lade redan för flera år sedan beslag på all den makt som de konstitutionella förändringarna skulle ge honom. [42] [43], Under 2010 var den femåriga credit default swap för den turkiska statsskulden på rekordlåga 1,17 %, lägre än nio EU-länder och Ryssland. The leaders of both countries also signed an agreement on visa-free travel, enabling tourists to get into the other country for free and stay there for up to 30 days.
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